Presentation
Created in 1995, the Etudes du CERI is one of the series for which the Center provides financing, editing, distribution and promotion. They bring together expert analyses for the use of decision-makers in the public and private sectors, and also for use by students and researchers. About ten studies appear each year, produced by authors (not necessarily CERI-based), who have often undertaken field missions financed by the CERI. Some studies by foreign experts are directly published in English, while others are translated.
The CERI’s policy of distributing these studies to the press means that they are often featured in major newspapers.
The Etudes du CERI can be freely consulted on the CERI website one year after publication.
Issue
José Allouche, Jean-Luc Domenach, Chloé Froissart, Patrick Gilbert, Martine Le Boulaire, Etude N°145-146
Les entreprises françaises en Chine. Environnement politique, enjeux socioéconomiques et pratiques managériales
Antoine Vion, François-Xavier Dudouet, Eric Grémont, Etude N°144
Normalisation et régulation des marchés : la téléphonie mobile en Europe et aux Etats-Unis
Abstract
The study proposes analyzing the complex links between the standardization and regulation of
mobile phone markets from a political economy perspective. Moreover, this study examines these
links by taking into consideration, from a Schumpeterian perspective, the market disequilibrium and
the monopolistic phenomena associated with innovation. It aims firstly to underline, with respect to
different network generations (0G to 4G), the particularity of this industry in terms of investment return,
and the key role that network standardization plays in the structuring of the market. This key variable
of the standard explains in large part the income that GSM represented in the industrial and financial
dynamics of the sector. The study thus explores the relations between the normalization policies, which
are certainly neither the sole issue of public actors nor are they simple industrial property regulations,
and the regulation policies of the sector (allocation of licenses, trade regulations, etc.). It underlines
that the last twenty-five years have made the configurations of expertise more and more complex,
and have increased the interdependency between network entrepreneurs, normalizers, and regulators.
From a perspective close to Fligstein’s, which emphasizes the different institutional dimensions of
market structuring (trade policies, industrial property regulations, wage relations, financial institutions),
this study focuses on the interdependent relations between diverse, heavily institutionalized spheres
of activity.
Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh, Etude N°143
International Peacemaking in Tajikistan and Afghanistan Compared: Lessons Learned and Unlearned
Abstract
Changes in the architecture of international engagements in peacemaking over the last decade can
be traced through a comparison of the Peace Accords of 1997 which ended five years of civil war in
Tajikistan with the on-going intervention in Afghanistan which began in the context of the global war
against terrorism. The comparison points to the challenges that complex interventions face today: the
collapse of stabilization, transition and consolidation phases of peacemaking; the lack of clarity about
motivations for engagement; the ambiguous methods of state-building and uncertain ownership of
peace processes. The success of the externally-led Tajikistan peace process can be attributed to the
common search for collaboration between international organizations and regional powers and the
gradual sequencing of the different stages: negotiation for power sharing, followed by consolidation,
and finally state-building. By contrast, the changing motivations for intervention, the isolation of the
Western alliance from regional actors, and the external actors’ own role as parties to war, which
provokes escalating reactions, are the potential elements of failure in Afghanistan. Ultimately, it is the
national ownership of peace processes that creates the necessary legitimacy for peacemaking to be
durable.
